Desde la Genética Médica hacia la Medicina Genómica

Autores/as

  • Juan de Dios García Díaz Unidad de Genética Clínica, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2019.4.1.137

Palabras clave:

Genética Médica, Consejo Genético, Asesoramiento Genético, Medicina Genómica, Medicina Personalizada, Medicina de Precisión

Resumen

En las dos primeras décadas del siglo 21 se ha producido una explosión del conocimiento y las tecnologías genéticas en el ámbito de la biomedicina. La consecuencia es un cambio radical de la comprensión de la enfermedad en cuanto a sus mecanismos moleculares y la aparición de nuevas estrategias para su tratamiento. Este impacto trasciende de los trastornos hereditarios clásicos, la mayoría de ellos individualmente raros, y afecta a toda la patología humana, incluidas las enfermedades con alta prevalencia en la población. Por ello, el conocimiento de los fundamentos de Genética ya no es una necesidad para una especialidad médica concreta, sino que es obligado para todas las profesiones sanitarias. En nuestro país existe una discordancia entre el excelente desarrollo tecnológico y científico en este campo y una traslación deficiente de sus avances a la práctica clínica. Es urgente poner los cimientos de la formación en Genética Médica para todos los profesionales de la salud. Sólo de esta manera será posible el desarrollo de la llamada Medicina Genómica en nuestro entorno, condición imprescindible para que sea una realidad el nuevo paradigma de la Medicina Personalizada o de Precisión.

Citas

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Publicado

31-05-2019

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Artículos de Revisión